The methodological (and, ultimately, ontological) dualism that opposes natural and human (or social) sciences was born out of the German neo-Kantian environment of the late nineteenth century and organized a great deal of the epistemological reflection during the twentieth century. For as long as the logical positivist philosophy of science has prevailed, this dualism has often taken the form of a division between those sciences which had and those which did not have a concrete possibility of fitting into the epistemic model of the received view of science. The philosophical critique of this model, however, was not immediately followed by a systematic challenge of the division of the field of scientific knowledge between natural sciences and the humanities.